Menene daskarewa-bushewa

Overview

Drying Vacuum Freeze fasaha ce ta ci gaba da fasahar bushewar ruwa. Yana sanya kayan ruwa mai daskarewa a cikin ƙananan yanayin zafi, sannan a ƙarƙashin yanayin injin, yana ɗaukar hanyar radiation ta thermal don dumama, don ƙaddamar da kankara zuwa gas kai tsaye. Bayan danshin ya fito, yana amfani da na'urar sanyaya kankara (tarkon sanyi) da na'urar cire ruwa don rage ruwan da ke cikin ruwa. Haɗaɗɗen fasaha ce ta aikace-aikacen da ta dogara akan ci gaban fannoni daban-daban, gami da firiji, dumama, vacuum, nazarin halittu, lantarki da sauransu.

Fasaha bushewa daskare yana da aikace-aikacen ko'ina, kamar samfuran sinadarai, samfuran halitta, samfuran lafiya, ganye, samfuran noma (nama, kaji, kwai, abincin teku, kayan lambu da 'ya'yan itatuwa da sauransu).

Hanyoyin bushewa

A ka'ida, tsarin bushewa daskarewa ya ƙunshi manyan matakai guda uku:

1. Mataki na farko, daskarewa mai sauri. Ta hanyar daskarewa, abun ciki na ruwa a cikin samfuran yana juya zuwa matsayi mai ƙarfi daga matsayin ruwa. A cikin wannan matakin, zafin jiki na ƙarshe ya kamata ya kasance ƙasa da yanayin yanayin eutectic (wanda aka samu ta gwaji), wanda ke ba da tabbacin kayan sun daskare gaba ɗaya. Gudun daskarewa kayan ya dogara da fasalulluka daban-daban. A wannan mataki, tana amfani da ɗakin daskarewa mai sauri don daskarewa.

2. Mataki na biyu shine matakin rashin ruwa na farko, wanda kuma ake kira matakin dehydration matakin. Daskararre kayan da ke ƙasa da yanayin eutectic za a bushe shi a cikin yanayin injin, ta hanyar sublimation don cire danshi. A lokacin sublimation, zafin farantin dumama da yanayin injin ya kamata a sarrafa shi sosai, don hana kayan daga narkewa ko zafin jiki sama da maki eutectic. Hakanan ya kamata ya hana busasshen zafin jiki ba zai wuce zafin rarrabuwar sa ba wanda ke canza siffar ko ma rushewa. A cikin wannan mataki, faranti na dumama suna zafi da kayan ta hanyar radiation ta thermal, don samar da makamashi don sublimation. Tushen tanki dole ne a ƙarƙashin yanayin injin. Kankara-condenser (tarkon sanyi) zai kama danshin da ke fitowa daga abu, kuma ya taso zuwa kankara akan saman tarkon sanyi.

3. Mataki na uku shine matakin rashin ruwa na biyu. Ana kuma kiransa bushewar bushewa. Manufar wannan mataki shine don cire danshi da aka daure. Saboda ƙarfin adsorption na danshi mai ɗaure yana da girma sosai, yana buƙatar samar da babban ƙarfin zafi a cikin wannan mataki, wanda ke nufin zafin zafi na faranti na dumama zai zama dan kadan mafi girma, don kusanci mafi girman zafin jiki don kayan aiki. Lokacin da danshi kayan cikin ƙayyadaddun bayanai, ana yin bushewar ƙarshe. Don yanke shawara ko an gama bushewa daskarewa, zai iya dogara da gogewa don yanayin yanayin zafin jiki, matsayi na samfur, sifa da sauransu. Hakanan zamu iya yin hukunci da shi ta gwajin ma'auni na ƙarshe (ƙarar hawan iska).

Amfanin bushewar daskarewa:

Idan aka kwatanta da bushewar rana ta al'ada, bushewar iska mai zafi, bushewar feshi da bushewar injin, akwai fa'idodi da yawa na bushewa daskarewar injin:

a. bushewar daskarewa shine tsarin bushewa a cikin ƙananan zafin jiki, wanda ba zai lalata furotin ba. Yayin da zai sa microorganism ya rasa kuzari.

b. Don wannan dalili, yana haifar da ƙarancin rashin daidaituwa, abinci mai gina jiki, ƙanshi da dandano a cikin kayan.

c. A lokacin ƙarancin zafin jiki na rashin ruwa, haɓakar ƙwayoyin cuta da haɓakar enzyme kusan ba za su iya aiki ba, wanda ke riƙe abubuwan asali na asali.

d. Bayan bushewa, ƙarar kayan abu, siffar ba zai canza ba. Samfurin ƙarshe yana cikin matsayi mara kyau, babu raguwa. Lokacin da rehydration, saboda ingantaccen wurin tuntuɓar yana da girma, zai dawo da siffar asali cikin sauri.

e. A cikin yanayin rashin ruwa don bushewa, akwai ƙarancin iskar oxygen, wanda zai kare kayan da aka lalata.

f. bushewa daskarewa na injin zai iya cire 95% - -99.5% na danshi daga kayan, wanda ke kawo samfurin ƙarshe tare da tsawon rayuwar shiryayye.